Enforce proper encapsulation in code implementation
package models
class User {
public var username: String = ""
public var password: String = ""
}
The above Scala code defines a class
User with two public fields:
username and
password.
According to the principles of Object-Oriented Programming (OOP), one of the fundamental concepts is Encapsulation, which is used to hide the values or state of a structured data object inside a class, preventing unauthorized parties' direct access to them.
However, in the given code, the fields
username and
password are declared as
public, which means they can be accessed and modified directly from any part of the application. This violates the principle of Encapsulation and can potentially lead to data integrity issues, as well as security vulnerabilities.
For instance, a malicious user could potentially alter the
username or
password of a
User object, leading to unauthorized access or other potential security issues.
package models
class User {
private var _username: String = ""
private var _password: String = ""
def username = _username
def username_=(value: String): Unit = _username = value
def password = _password
def password_=(value: String): Unit = _password = value
}
The original code had a vulnerability due to inappropriate coding practices. The fields of the
User class were defined as public, which does not respect the encapsulation principle. This could potentially allow unauthorized access and modification of these fields, leading to security risks.
The fixed code changes the access modifiers of the
username and
password fields from public to private, respecting the encapsulation principle. This means that these fields can now only be accessed and modified within the
User class itself.
In addition, getter and setter methods have been added for the
username and
password fields. These methods provide a controlled way of accessing and modifying the fields. The getter methods (
username and
password) return the value of the respective field, while the setter methods (
username_= and
password_=) allow the value of the respective field to be changed.
Any code that previously accessed the
username and
password fields directly will need to be updated to use these getter and setter methods instead. This ensures that the fields are accessed and modified in a controlled way, reducing the risk of unauthorized access or modification.